60 \\ an agreement signed Mexico, U.s, Canada to create trade bloc in North AM. Microstate (ministate): A country that is small in both population and area. The border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, which was established as a result of the partition of Ireland in 1922. Source:InvestorsBusinessDaily,April7, World History and Geography: Modern Times. He argued that land based power, not sea, would rule the world. As a result of the fact that the course of a river is not fixed, a river boundary can be problematic. The border between neighborhoods within a city: Cities are often divided into neighborhoods or districts, each with its own character and identity. involve natural resources: mineral deposits, fertile farmland, or rich fishing space which all lay on border area. Get the latest articles and test prep tips! AP Human Geography free-response questions are typically pretty straightforward so you can attack them in a methodical fashion. The census is a process of counting and collecting information about a population. \text { Elec. You'll get one hour and 15 minutes to answer all three questions, or about 25 minutes per question. a geographical unit for the local administration of schools. \end{array} & \begin{array}{r} The boundary was created as a result of the partition of India by the British government, which resulted in the creation of two independent countries. \hline \text { Company } & \begin{array}{l} 87 \\ 57 \\ Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities, the action of making something democratic, minority-A rule by which the design of new electoral boundaries, must where possible, create electoral districts which have a majority population of some group which is a national minority. Check out our guide to all AP Human Geography practice tests you can use for tips on what to prioritize in your prep. Describe: Provide the relevant characteristics of a specified topic. Audience - Human geography HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Borders, boundaries, and barriers Click the map URL above to launch the map. 91 \\ The boundary between these countries was created as a result of the breakup of Yugoslavia and the declaration of independence by various constituent republics. France and Spain & US and Canada. In addition to your down payment, you will also have to pay closing costs when you buy a house. Or, laws requiring new developments be constructed with bus lanes, train lines, and stations. The Advanced Placement Human Geography (APHG) course introduces students to the systematic study of patterns and processes that have shaped human understanding, use, and alteration of Earth's surface. has a rough, circular or oval shape without major indentations, a state that completely surrounds another, A state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory, have a long extension as part of their territory, love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it. \text { D } \\ \text { US West } \\ 32 \\ A boundary drawn across an area before it is well populated and before there is any culture landscape. Real World Implications: -The German-Russian Alliance is to be feared -There is a need to maintain a balance of power on the mainland -system of entangled alliances. \hline & \text { Structure } \mathbf{Y} & \text { Structure } \mathbf{Z} \\ For example, an internal boundary might be a line that divides a country into states or provinces, or a line that divides a city into neighborhoods or districts. As you can see above, you'll get no source for question 1, one for question 2, and two for question 3. A need for more housing, especially for lower-income residents. 80 \\ (also called ethnographic) a border drawn to accommodate existing religious linguistic ethnic or economic differences between countries (ex; N Ireland and Ireland), Processes that incorporate higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more technology, the original nucleus of a state (usually contains the densest population and largest cities, most developed transportation system and economic base), helps explain why some inner city areas enjoy considerable prosperity, whilst others display all the signs of urban deprivation and poverty. A nationality that is not represented by a state. 9 \\ We can distinguish three types of borders in Geography: Defined: borders that are established by a legal document. \text { Winnebago } \\ \text { Relative Price } \\ agreement between two or more states to fight against an opponent. \text { Atmos Energy } \\ Conflicts over the location, size, and extent of borders between nations. 65 \\ Part of the northern boundary between the US and Canada is a straight line along 49 degrees latitude, 45 degrees latitude, and 141 degrees west latitude depending on if you are in MN, VT, or Alaska. question 6 \\ 49 \\ &\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \text { First Cost } & \$ 4,500 & \$ 10,000 \\ arise when neighboring states cannot agree on policies that apply in a border area. Review your answers with a second, more critical eye. \text { Payless Shoes } \\ The Catalan independence movement in Spain, which is driven in part by Catalan cultural identity and the desire for greater autonomy. \mathrm{B} \\ Geographic and political features of different regions, especially impact of geography on politics, If one country fell under communist control, it would influence surrounding countries to follow the suit. This should help you keep yourself on track when responding to the question. Here's what you must do for each question, according to the College Board: Note that a "stimulus" is a quantitative or qualitative source, such as a chart or table. \mathrm{B} \\ 3. \text { E } \\ \mathrm{A} \\ Our one-on-one online AP tutoring services can help you prepare for your AP exams. As you can see, there are two stimuli (a table and a photograph) and seven parts (A-G), each worth 1 point. Alternative electrical energy and/or alternative fuel programs that are cleaner-burning or have zero emissions. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(360031, 'f5a9450c-28a2-4837-94dd-69230ed94f08', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); Increased number of vehicles on the roadways results in visible air pollution, fog, smog, and/or airborne chemicals that lead to You can find plenty of AP Human Geography free-response questions (and their corresponding answer guidelines) online. For ethnic boundaries, they are drawn based on a cultural trait, such as where people share a language or religion. 18 \\ 46 \\ \\ What is the future worth of each machine? Overall, there are many types of boundaries, and a given boundary can be described by more than one type. \text { Texaco } \\ Devolution of political power from a central authority creates this allowing for more regional or local control, a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states. 1. Core processes incorporate higher levels of education, salaries, and technology. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. Periphery processes have lower education, salaries, technology and less wealth. \mathrm{D} \\ Political boundaries can be established through a variety of means, including treaties, agreements, and negotiations between governments or other political actors. AP Human Geography Vocab Boundaries. \text { Central Parking } \\ \text { Gateway } \\ \text { E } \\ It's time to fly free! \text { Murphy Oil } \\ A need for improved sanitation, water supply, waste disposal, or wastewater treatment facilities. \text { United Rental } \\ \text { Mattel } \\ Physical geography: Physical geography, such as rivers, mountains, or other natural features, can sometimes serve as the basis for internal boundaries. Like most rivers, the Rio Grande shifts gradually (and sometimes abruptly) through time. Political boundaries are often associated with ideas of sovereignty, territoriality, and jurisdiction, and they play a central role in the organization and functioning of political systems. 58 \\ The Himalayas are a natural boundary that separates China, India, and Nepal. 17 \\ \text { C } \\ Rats that explored a maze without any reward were later able to run the maze as well as other rats that had received food rewards for running the maze. \text { York International } \mathrm{E} \\ \text { D } \\ The boundaries between these departments can be considered internal boundaries. For example, a question that asks you to "identify" something will merit a much more succinct answer than one that asks you to "describe" it. \mathrm{E} \\ A need for improved communication or electric utility infrastructure. \text{\$15,640.00}&\text{\$1,015.00}&\text{\$969.68}&\text{\$226.78}\\ Mackinder linked geopolitical stability with the maintenance of balance of power among states. There is conflict over where exactly the border is between the U.S. and Mexico, especially along the Rio Grande because the river has changed course and moved, and it is the traditional border. \mathrm{A} \\ \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} The US used this heavily to justify its military presence in Vietnam (1965 to 1973), The US policy for _____ communism from spreading to the rest of the world This is the best resource for FRQs because you can rest assured that they're accurate representations of what you'll see on the exam in terms of content and difficulty level. \text { B } \\ The cash register displays the amount of the sale. benelux a customs union comprising Belgium, the Netherlands, andLuxembourg, begun January 1, 1948. binational or multinational state state that contains more than one nation (usually no one single dominant ethnic group) boundary types physical-political, cultural, geometric, boundary The United States has voting boundaries to make voting more representative of the population. Do colleges care about AP Human Geography? \end{array} Ex. The division of Germany into East and West after World War II. Before we get into examples with answer explanations, let's go over the essential steps you must take in order to effectively answer these types of questions. 69 \\ In order to earn full credit, here is what you'd need to write down as your answer, per the official scoring guidelines. (Middle east is also a shatterbelt), Multiple world powers The Core and Periphery are not just places but they are processes. 49 \\ This river, which runs for nearly 2,000 miles, marks the border between these two countries and is an important natural feature in the region. the Great Wall of China, the US/Mexico border, the Berlin Wall, AP Human Geography: Unit 4 Vocab w/ Examples. a boundary that follows a country's coastline 12 miles into the ocean What are some examples of a physical boundary? 32 \\ In this section, we'll go through the answer to a sample free-response question from the 2020 AP Human Geography Course and Exam Description. \mathrm{B} \\ \text { Office Depot } \\ The smoke can increase the city's air pollution levels. \text { ROE } (a) pregnant female (b) 60-year-old white male (c) Buddhist monk (d) All of these would fit into a protected class. The border between the United States and Mexico, which has been heavily militarized in recent years due to concerns about illegal immigration and drug trafficking. 98 \\ \mathrm{E} \\ Demarcated: borders that are identified by physical objects such as fences. \text { Strength } Check out our top-rated graduate blogs here: PrepScholar 2013-2018. In high school, she earned a 2400 on the SAT, 5's on all seven of her AP tests, and was named a National Merit Scholar. Internal boundaries can be found in a variety of contexts, including geographic regions, political divisions, and organizational structures. Required: An internal boundary is a line or border that divides one area or entity into two or more smaller areas or entities. Eastern Europe was this For example, when people who speak the same language or practice the same religion are split, boundaries play a negative role. Limited Sovereignty and International Boundary Disputes Allocational: when a boundary separates natural resources that may be used by both countries. \\ The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 160+ SAT Points, How to Get a Perfect 1600, by a Perfect Scorer, Free Complete Official SAT Practice Tests. Alternative electrical energy and/or alternative fuel programs that are cleaner-burning or have zero emissions. \text { D } \\ \text { Goodyear } \\ Here are a few specific examples of internal boundaries: The Great Wall of China: The Great Wall of China is a series of walls and fortifications that were built over a period of more than 2,000 years to protect the Chinese empire from nomadic invaders. Then you can move on to the next free-response question. Or an explanation of the economic development of a state in terms of the external influences--political, economic, and cultural--on national development policies. As a result, the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine has been problematic for the Ukrainian central government because of the Russian affiliation with eastern Ukraine. the green line in Cyprus because it separates the Turkish and Greeks, Yugoslavia, the Murdock Ethnic Map of Africa. Like most rivers, the Rio Grande shifts gradually (and sometimes abruptly) through time. \text { B } \\ Fed. Climates and ecosystems, which can influence the types of crops that can be grown and the types of animals that can be raised in a particular area. 14 \\ Boundaries can be both physical and anthropogenic, and while it is difficult to categorize all boundaries, some prominent boundary types exist. Identifying these verbs will also get you in the habit of paying closer attention to the differences between each of the tasks. Nicholas Spykman's theory that the domination of the coastal fringes of Eurasia would provided the base for world conquest. \text { Bowater PLC } \\ Boundary disputes can arise for a variety of reasons, such as changes in political or economic conditions, conflicting interpretations of treaties or agreements, or competing claims . Some examples of mountain ranges as boundaries include the Zagros Mountains between Iraq and Iran, the Pyrenees between Spain and France, and the Andes Mountains between Chile and Argentina. any political or popular movement intended to reclaim and reoccupy a lost homeland. estimated boundaries between nations, ethnic groups or tribes, when border treaties are interpreted 2 different ways by states, when borders are claimed, negotiated, or captured, when markers are placed on the ground to show where borders lay, government based on the principle that the people are the ultimate sovereign, A structuralist theory that offers a critique of the modernization model of development. majority-area in which the majority of the constituents in the district are racial or ethnic minorities. \hline \begin{array}{l} a. the Constitution had certain provisions to promote free trade between the states, b. if a state has the consent of Congress and imposes a duty on imports and exports the net proceeds of such duty will be for its own use, c. not every city in the United States is contained within a state, d. a state may engage in war without the consent of Congress but only in very dire circumstances, e. a state may not keep troops in times of peace without the consent of Congress. We will define centrifugal and centripetal forces and how they can originate in political, economic or cultural dimensions. The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government. \mathrm{C} \\ India has a large rural population and urban poor population who are dependent on burning wood for home heating and cooking. Examples: An ongoing debate between US and Mexico regarding transportation of people and goods across their long mutual border. Rivers are common boundaries between nations , states, and smaller political units such as counties. \text { Safeway } \\ Just kidding, I did Google it, and it's probably not a thing, but not even the internet knows for sure. There are five types of gerrymandering and they all rhyme! \text { Jefferson Plt. } \text { Alaska Air Group } \\ Using the psychographic instrument created in previous activity, interview 10 students (using the questionnaire instrument). \text { B } \\ compact state the Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe, the Rio Grande River between the Mexico and the U.S., the Sahara Desert. In most modern economies the possible coalitions of interested groups are numerous, and the variety of possible unilateral barriers is great. But if you split the district through the black population, now you could have two districts with a majority of white conservative voters and minority black liberal voters. Figure 8.5 | Chamizal Treaty map \text { B } \\ \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} 58 \\ From 1991 to 2011, Delhi's total population grew to over 10 million. \mathrm{B} \\ The Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which is centered around competing claims to land that is considered holy by both Jewish and Palestinian cultures. What SAT Target Score Should You Be Aiming For? persistent differences in levels and rates of economic development between different sectors of the economy. Three broad geographic regions (core, periphery, semi-periphery) "Hijacking" refers to the practice of altering district boundaries to move a group of voters into a different district, in order to change the outcome of an election. The relevant If these lines were drawn differently, both districts could be overwhelmingly blue. \text { Annual Maintenance } \\ \text { Wachovia } \\ Write your answers in simplest terms. DataSys. The Rio Grande is an important physical boundary on the southern border of the United States. A group that works to develop an entire region to attract industries to a specific area, a type of multi-national confederation, where negotiated power is delegated to an authority by governments of member states. The border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland: The border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland is an internal boundary that divides the two countries. This AP Human Geography study guide will explore those forces that divide (centrifugal) or unify (centripetal) a country. \text { D } A geometric boundary is a political boundary that takes on a clear and neat geometric shape. 74 \\ Store } \\ 7 \\ A state needs sustenance in the form of resources and room to grow. \end{array} & \$ 1,000 & \$ 720 \\ 76 \\ Once you've finished writing your answer, reread the question and your response to make sure you've done everything it asked you to do. territorially legally tied to a sovereign state, the process of placing price on a good and then buying selling and trading the good, an economy in which businessactivities and the allocation of resources are determined bygovernment order rather than market forces, the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly. Assume that six minutes are required to mold each candle. In some cases, political boundaries are based on natural features such as rivers, mountains, or other geographical landmarks, while in other cases they may be arbitrary lines drawn on a map. Playing video and computer games is very popular. 58 \\ \text { Hanson PLC } \\ \mathrm{A} \\ ***Look at political cartoon***, A state that's absorbs the culture and traditions of its neighbors, A state that sits between two rivals or hostile states and serves as a _____ between them potentially preventing conflict
